Octets initiaux incorrects après le décryptage Java AES/CBC

Question

Quel est le problème avec l'exemple suivant ?

Le problème est que la première partie de la chaîne décryptée n'a aucun sens. Cependant, le reste va bien, j'obtiens...

Result: `£eB6OgeSi are you? Have a nice day.

@Test
public void testEncrypt() {
  try {
    String s = "Hello there. How are you? Have a nice day.";

    // Generate key
    KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
    kgen.init(128);
    SecretKey aesKey = kgen.generateKey();

    // Encrypt cipher
    Cipher encryptCipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
    encryptCipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, aesKey);

    // Encrypt
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    CipherOutputStream cipherOutputStream = new CipherOutputStream(outputStream, encryptCipher);
    cipherOutputStream.write(s.getBytes());
    cipherOutputStream.flush();
    cipherOutputStream.close();
    byte[] encryptedBytes = outputStream.toByteArray();

    // Decrypt cipher
    Cipher decryptCipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
    IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec = new IvParameterSpec(aesKey.getEncoded());
    decryptCipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, aesKey, ivParameterSpec);

    // Decrypt
    outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    ByteArrayInputStream inStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(encryptedBytes);
    CipherInputStream cipherInputStream = new CipherInputStream(inStream, decryptCipher);
    byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
    int bytesRead;
    while ((bytesRead = cipherInputStream.read(buf)) >= 0) {
        outputStream.write(buf, 0, bytesRead);
    }

    System.out.println("Result: " + new String(outputStream.toByteArray()));

  } 
  catch (Exception ex) {
    ex.printStackTrace();
  }
}

Answer 1

Éditeur en ligne Version exécutable:-

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
//import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import java.util.Base64;

public class Encryptor {
    public static String encrypt(String key, String initVector, String value) {
        try {
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");
            IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(initVector.getBytes("UTF-8"));

            SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes("UTF-8"), "AES");
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, iv);

            byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(value.getBytes());

            //System.out.println("encrypted string: "
              //      + Base64.encodeBase64String(encrypted));

            //return Base64.encodeBase64String(encrypted);
            String s = new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(encrypted));
            return s;
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    public static String decrypt(String key, String initVector, String encrypted) {
        try {
            IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(initVector.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes("UTF-8"), "AES");

            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, iv);

            byte[] original = cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(encrypted));

            return new String(original);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String key = "Bar12345Bar12345"; // 128 bit key
        String initVector = "RandomInitVector"; // 16 bytes IV

        System.out.println(encrypt(key, initVector, "Hello World"));
        System.out.println(decrypt(key, initVector, encrypt(key, initVector, "Hello World")));
    }
}

Answer 2

C'est une amélioration par rapport à la réponse acceptée.

Changements :

(1) Utiliser un IV aléatoire et le faire précéder du texte crypté.

(2) Utilisation de SHA-256 pour générer une clé à partir d'une phrase de passe

(3) Pas de dépendance à Apache Commons

public static void main(String[] args) throws GeneralSecurityException {
    String plaintext = "Hello world";
    String passphrase = "My passphrase";
    String encrypted = encrypt(passphrase, plaintext);
    String decrypted = decrypt(passphrase, encrypted);
    System.out.println(encrypted);
    System.out.println(decrypted);
}

private static SecretKeySpec getKeySpec(String passphrase) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
    MessageDigest digest = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");
    return new SecretKeySpec(digest.digest(passphrase.getBytes(UTF_8)), "AES");
}

private static Cipher getCipher() throws NoSuchPaddingException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {
    return Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");
}

public static String encrypt(String passphrase, String value) throws GeneralSecurityException {
    byte[] initVector = new byte[16];
    SecureRandom.getInstanceStrong().nextBytes(initVector);
    Cipher cipher = getCipher();
    cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, getKeySpec(passphrase), new IvParameterSpec(initVector));
    byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(value.getBytes());
    return DatatypeConverter.printBase64Binary(initVector) +
            DatatypeConverter.printBase64Binary(encrypted);
}

public static String decrypt(String passphrase, String encrypted) throws GeneralSecurityException {
    byte[] initVector = DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary(encrypted.substring(0, 24));
    Cipher cipher = getCipher();
    cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, getKeySpec(passphrase), new IvParameterSpec(initVector));
    byte[] original = cipher.doFinal(DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary(encrypted.substring(24)));
    return new String(original);
}

Answer 3

C'est souvent une bonne idée de s'appuyer sur la solution fournie par la bibliothèque standard :

private static void stackOverflow15554296()
    throws
        NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchPaddingException,        
        InvalidKeyException, IllegalBlockSizeException,
        BadPaddingException
{

    // prepare key
    KeyGenerator keygen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
    SecretKey aesKey = keygen.generateKey();
    String aesKeyForFutureUse = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(
            aesKey.getEncoded()
    );

    // cipher engine
    Cipher aesCipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding");

    // cipher input
    aesCipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, aesKey);
    byte[] clearTextBuff = "Text to encode".getBytes();
    byte[] cipherTextBuff = aesCipher.doFinal(clearTextBuff);

    // recreate key
    byte[] aesKeyBuff = Base64.getDecoder().decode(aesKeyForFutureUse);
    SecretKey aesDecryptKey = new SecretKeySpec(aesKeyBuff, "AES");

    // decipher input
    aesCipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, aesDecryptKey);
    byte[] decipheredBuff = aesCipher.doFinal(cipherTextBuff);
    System.out.println(new String(decipheredBuff));
}

Ceci imprime "Texte à encoder".

La solution est basée sur Guide de référence de l'architecture cryptographique de Java et https://stackoverflow.com/a/20591539/146745 réponse.

Answer 4

Une autre solution utilisant java.util.Base64 avec Spring Boot

Classe de cryptage

package com.jmendoza.springboot.crypto.cipher;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Base64;

@Component
public class Encryptor {

    @Value("${security.encryptor.key}")
    private byte[] key;
    @Value("${security.encryptor.algorithm}")
    private String algorithm;

    public String encrypt(String plainText) throws Exception {
        SecretKeySpec secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, algorithm);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(algorithm);
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
        return new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(cipher.doFinal(plainText.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8))));
    }

    public String decrypt(String cipherText) throws Exception {
        SecretKeySpec secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, algorithm);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(algorithm);
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
        return new String(cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(cipherText)));
    }
}

Classe EncryptorController

package com.jmendoza.springboot.crypto.controller;

import com.jmendoza.springboot.crypto.cipher.Encryptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/cipher")
public class EncryptorController {

    @Autowired
    Encryptor encryptor;

    @GetMapping(value = "encrypt/{value}")
    public String encrypt(@PathVariable("value") final String value) throws Exception {
        return encryptor.encrypt(value);
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "decrypt/{value}")
    public String decrypt(@PathVariable("value") final String value) throws Exception {
        return encryptor.decrypt(value);
    }
}

application.properties

server.port=8082
security.encryptor.algorithm=AES
security.encryptor.key=M8jFt46dfJMaiJA0

Exemple

http://localhost:8082/cipher/encrypt/jmendoza

2h41HH8Shzc4BRU3hVDOXA==

http://localhost:8082/cipher/decrypt/2h41HH8Shzc4BRU3hVDOXA==

jmendoza

Answer 5

Version optimisée de la réponse acceptée.

• pas de libéraux du troisième parti

• inclut l'IV dans le message crypté (peut être public)

• le mot de passe peut être de n'importe quelle longueur

Code :

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.Base64;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

public class Encryptor {
    public static byte[] getRandomInitialVector() {
        try {
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");
            SecureRandom randomSecureRandom = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG");
            byte[] initVector = new byte[cipher.getBlockSize()];
            randomSecureRandom.nextBytes(initVector);
            return initVector;
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    public static byte[] passwordTo16BitKey(String password) {
        try {
            byte[] srcBytes = password.getBytes("UTF-8");
            byte[] dstBytes = new byte[16];

            if (srcBytes.length == 16) {
                return srcBytes;
            }

            if (srcBytes.length < 16) {
                for (int i = 0; i < dstBytes.length; i++) {
                    dstBytes[i] = (byte) ((srcBytes[i % srcBytes.length]) * (srcBytes[(i + 1) % srcBytes.length]));
                }
            } else if (srcBytes.length > 16) {
                for (int i = 0; i < srcBytes.length; i++) {
                    dstBytes[i % dstBytes.length] += srcBytes[i];
                }
            }

            return dstBytes;
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;
    }

    public static String encrypt(String key, String value) {
        return encrypt(passwordTo16BitKey(key), value);
    }

    public static String encrypt(byte[] key, String value) {
        try {
            byte[] initVector = Encryptor.getRandomInitialVector();
            IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(initVector);
            SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key, "AES");

            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, iv);

            byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(value.getBytes());
            return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(encrypted) + " " + Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(initVector);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;
    }

    public static String decrypt(String key, String encrypted) {
        return decrypt(passwordTo16BitKey(key), encrypted);
    }

    public static String decrypt(byte[] key, String encrypted) {
        try {
            String[] encryptedParts = encrypted.split(" ");
            byte[] initVector = Base64.getDecoder().decode(encryptedParts[1]);
            if (initVector.length != 16) {
                return null;
            }

            IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(initVector);
            SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key, "AES");

            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, iv);

            byte[] original = cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(encryptedParts[0]));

            return new String(original);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;
    }
}

Utilisation :

String key = "Password of any length.";
String encrypted = Encryptor.encrypt(key, "Hello World");
String decrypted = Encryptor.decrypt(key, encrypted);
System.out.println(encrypted);
System.out.println(decrypted);

Exemple de sortie :

QngBg+Qc5+F8HQsksgfyXg== yDfYiIHTqOOjc0HRNdr1Ng==
Hello World