Obtenir le parent d'un répertoire en Bash

Question

Si j'ai un chemin de fichier tel que...

/home/smith/Desktop/Test
/home/smith/Desktop/Test/

Comment changer la chaîne de caractères pour que ce soit le répertoire parent ?

par exemple

/home/smith/Desktop
/home/smith/Desktop/

Answer 1

Si vous avez juste besoin du nom du répertoire parent :

parent_dir_name=$(basename $(dirname $PWD))

Answer 2

Si /home/smith/Desktop/Test/../ est ce que vous voulez :

dirname 'path/to/child/dir'

comme vu aquí .

Answer 3

Selon que vous avez besoin ou non de chemins absolus, vous voudrez peut-être faire une démarche supplémentaire :

child='/home/smith/Desktop/Test/'
parent=$(dirname "$child")
abs_parent=$(realpath "$parent")

Answer 4

Utiliser ce : export MYVAR="$(dirname "$(dirname "$(dirname "$(dirname $PWD)")")")" si vous voulez le 4e répertoire parent

export MYVAR="$(dirname "$(dirname "$(dirname $PWD)")")" si vous voulez le 3ème répertoire parent

export MYVAR="$(dirname "$(dirname $PWD)")" si vous voulez le deuxième répertoire parent

Answer 5

Laid mais efficace

function Parentdir()

{

local lookFor_ parent_ switch_ i_

lookFor_="$1"

#if it is not a file, we need the grand parent
[ -f "$lookFor_" ] || switch_="/.."

#length of search string
i_="${#lookFor_}"

#remove string one by one until it make sens for the system
while [ "$i_" -ge 0 ] && [ ! -d "${lookFor_:0:$i_}" ];
do
    let i_--
done

#get real path
parent_="$(realpath "${lookFor_:0:$i_}$switch_")" 

#done
echo "
lookFor_: $1
{lookFor_:0:$i_}: ${lookFor_:0:$i_}
realpath {lookFor_:0:$i_}: $(realpath ${lookFor_:0:$i_})
parent_: $parent_ 
"

}

    lookFor_: /home/Om Namah Shivaya
{lookFor_:0:6}: /home/
realpath {lookFor_:0:6}: /home
parent_: /home 

lookFor_: /var/log
{lookFor_:0:8}: /var/log
realpath {lookFor_:0:8}: /UNIONFS/var/log
parent_: /UNIONFS/var 

lookFor_: /var/log/
{lookFor_:0:9}: /var/log/
realpath {lookFor_:0:9}: /UNIONFS/var/log
parent_: /UNIONFS/var 

lookFor_: /tmp//res.log/..
{lookFor_:0:6}: /tmp//
realpath {lookFor_:0:6}: /tmp
parent_: / 

lookFor_: /media/sdc8/../sdc8/Debian_Master//a
{lookFor_:0:35}: /media/sdc8/../sdc8/Debian_Master//
realpath {lookFor_:0:35}: /media/sdc8/Debian_Master
parent_: /media/sdc8 

lookFor_: /media/sdc8//Debian_Master/../Debian_Master/a
{lookFor_:0:44}: /media/sdc8//Debian_Master/../Debian_Master/
realpath {lookFor_:0:44}: /media/sdc8/Debian_Master
parent_: /media/sdc8 

lookFor_: /media/sdc8/Debian_Master/../Debian_Master/For_Debian
{lookFor_:0:53}: /media/sdc8/Debian_Master/../Debian_Master/For_Debian
realpath {lookFor_:0:53}: /media/sdc8/Debian_Master/For_Debian
parent_: /media/sdc8/Debian_Master 

lookFor_: /tmp/../res.log
{lookFor_:0:8}: /tmp/../
realpath {lookFor_:0:8}: /
parent_: /