Remplacer une sous-chaîne par une autre sous-chaîne C++

Question

Comment remplacer une sous-chaîne dans une chaîne par une autre sous-chaîne en C++, quelles fonctions puis-je utiliser ?

eg: string test = "abc def abc def";
test.replace("abc", "hij").replace("def", "klm"); //replace occurrence of abc and def with other substring

Answer 1

Voici une solution que j'ai écrite en utilisant la tactique du constructeur :

#include <string>
#include <sstream>

using std::string;
using std::stringstream;

string stringReplace (const string& source,
                      const string& toReplace,
                      const string& replaceWith)
{
  size_t pos = 0;
  size_t cursor = 0;
  int repLen = toReplace.length();
  stringstream builder;

  do
  {
    pos = source.find(toReplace, cursor);

    if (string::npos != pos)
    {
        //copy up to the match, then append the replacement
        builder << source.substr(cursor, pos - cursor);
        builder << replaceWith;

        // skip past the match 
        cursor = pos + repLen;
    }
  } 
  while (string::npos != pos);

  //copy the remainder
  builder << source.substr(cursor);

  return (builder.str());
}

Tests :

void addTestResult (const string&& testId, bool pass)
{
  ...
}

void testStringReplace()
{
    string source = "123456789012345678901234567890";
    string toReplace = "567";
    string replaceWith = "abcd";
    string result = stringReplace (source, toReplace, replaceWith);
    string expected = "1234abcd8901234abcd8901234abcd890";

    bool pass = (0 == result.compare(expected));
    addTestResult("567", pass);

    source = "123456789012345678901234567890";
    toReplace = "123";
    replaceWith = "-";
    result = stringReplace(source, toReplace, replaceWith);
    expected = "-4567890-4567890-4567890";

    pass = (0 == result.compare(expected));
    addTestResult("start", pass);

    source = "123456789012345678901234567890";
    toReplace = "0";
    replaceWith = "";
    result = stringReplace(source, toReplace, replaceWith);
    expected = "123456789123456789123456789"; 

    pass = (0 == result.compare(expected));
    addTestResult("end", pass);

    source = "123123456789012345678901234567890";
    toReplace = "123";
    replaceWith = "-";
    result = stringReplace(source, toReplace, replaceWith);
    expected = "--4567890-4567890-4567890";

    pass = (0 == result.compare(expected));
    addTestResult("concat", pass);

    source = "1232323323123456789012345678901234567890";
    toReplace = "323";
    replaceWith = "-";
    result = stringReplace(source, toReplace, replaceWith);
    expected = "12-23-123456789012345678901234567890";

    pass = (0 == result.compare(expected));
    addTestResult("interleaved", pass);

    source = "1232323323123456789012345678901234567890";
    toReplace = "===";
    replaceWith = "-";
    result = utils_stringReplace(source, toReplace, replaceWith);
    expected = source;

    pass = (0 == result.compare(expected));
    addTestResult("no match", pass);

}

Answer 2

#include <string>

D'abord :

void replace_first(std::string& text, const std::string& from,
   const std::string& to)
{
    const auto at = text.find(from, 0);

    if (at != std::string::npos)
        text.replace(at, from.length(), to);
}

Tous :

void replace_all(std::string& text, const std::string& from,
   const std::string& to)
{
    for (auto at = text.find(from, 0); at != std::string::npos;
        at = text.find(from, at + to.length()))
    {
        text.replace(at, from.length(), to);
    }
}

Compte :

size_t replace_count(std::string& text,
   const std::string& from, const std::string& to)
{
    size_t count = 0;

    for (auto at = text.find(from, 0); at != std::string::npos;
        at = text.find(from, at + to.length()))
    {
        ++count;
        text.replace(at, from.length(), to);
    }

    return count;
}

Copie :

std::string replace_all_copy(const std::string& text,
   const std::string& from, const std::string& to)
{
    auto copy = text;
    replace_all(copy, from, to);
    return copy;
}

Answer 3

    string & replace(string & subj, string old, string neu)
    {
        size_t uiui = subj.find(old);
        if (uiui != string::npos)
        {
           subj.erase(uiui, old.size());
           subj.insert(uiui, neu);
        }
        return subj;
    }

Je pense que cela répond à vos besoins avec peu de code !

Answer 4

La version améliorée par @Czarek Tomczak.
permettent à la fois std::string y std::wstring .

template <typename charType>
void ReplaceSubstring(std::basic_string<charType>& subject,
    const std::basic_string<charType>& search,
    const std::basic_string<charType>& replace)
{
    if (search.empty()) { return; }
    typename std::basic_string<charType>::size_type pos = 0;
    while((pos = subject.find(search, pos)) != std::basic_string<charType>::npos) {
         subject.replace(pos, search.length(), replace);
         pos += replace.length();
    }
}

Answer 5

std::string replace(const std::string & in
                  , const std::string & from
                  , const std::string & to){
  if(from.size() == 0 ) return in;
  std::string out = "";
  std::string tmp = "";
  for(int i = 0, ii = -1; i < in.size(); ++i) {
    // change ii
    if     ( ii <  0 &&  from[0] == in[i] )  {
      ii  = 0;
      tmp = from[0]; 
    } else if( ii >= 0 && ii < from.size()-1 )  {
      ii ++ ;
      tmp = tmp + in[i];
      if(from[ii] == in[i]) {
      } else {
        out = out + tmp;
        tmp = "";
        ii = -1;
      }
    } else {
      out = out + in[i];
    }
    if( tmp == from ) {
      out = out + to;
      tmp = "";
      ii = -1;
    }
  }
  return out;
};