Pas d'implémentation générique de OrderedDictionary ?

Question

Il ne semble pas y avoir d'implémentation générique de la fonction OrderedDictionary (qui se trouve dans le System.Collections.Specialized ) dans .NET 3.5. Y en a-t-il un qui m'échappe ?

J'ai trouvé des implémentations qui fournissent la fonctionnalité, mais je me demande si et pourquoi il n'y a pas une implémentation générique prête à l'emploi et si quelqu'un sait si c'est quelque chose dans .NET 4.0 ?

Answer 1

Mise en œuvre d'un générique OrderedDictionary n'est pas terriblement difficile, mais elle prend inutilement du temps et, franchement, cette classe est un énorme oubli de la part de Microsoft. Il existe de multiples façons de mettre en œuvre cette classe, mais j'ai choisi d'utiliser une classe KeyedCollection pour mon stockage interne. J'ai également choisi d'implémenter diverses méthodes pour trier la manière dont les List<T> puisque c'est essentiellement un hybride de IList et IDictionary. J'ai inclus mon implémentation ici pour la postérité.

Voici l'interface. Remarquez qu'elle comprend System.Collections.Specialized.IOrderedDictionary qui est la version non générique de cette interface fournie par Microsoft.

// http://unlicense.org
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.Specialized;

namespace mattmc3.Common.Collections.Generic {

    public interface IOrderedDictionary<TKey, TValue> : IDictionary<TKey, TValue>, IOrderedDictionary {
        new TValue this[int index] { get; set; }
        new TValue this[TKey key] { get; set; }
        new int Count { get; }
        new ICollection<TKey> Keys { get; }
        new ICollection<TValue> Values { get; }
        new void Add(TKey key, TValue value);
        new void Clear();
        void Insert(int index, TKey key, TValue value);
        int IndexOf(TKey key);
        bool ContainsValue(TValue value);
        bool ContainsValue(TValue value, IEqualityComparer<TValue> comparer);
        new bool ContainsKey(TKey key);
        new IEnumerator<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>> GetEnumerator();
        new bool Remove(TKey key);
        new void RemoveAt(int index);
        new bool TryGetValue(TKey key, out TValue value);
        TValue GetValue(TKey key);
        void SetValue(TKey key, TValue value);
        KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> GetItem(int index);
        void SetItem(int index, TValue value);
    }

}

Voici l'implémentation ainsi que les classes d'aide :

// http://unlicense.org
using System;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Specialized;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

namespace mattmc3.Common.Collections.Generic {

    /// <summary>
    /// A dictionary object that allows rapid hash lookups using keys, but also
    /// maintains the key insertion order so that values can be retrieved by
    /// key index.
    /// </summary>
    public class OrderedDictionary<TKey, TValue> : IOrderedDictionary<TKey, TValue> {

        #region Fields/Properties

        private KeyedCollection2<TKey, KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>> _keyedCollection;

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the value associated with the specified key.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="key">The key associated with the value to get or set.</param>
        public TValue this[TKey key] {
            get {
                return GetValue(key);
            }
            set {
                SetValue(key, value);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the value at the specified index.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="index">The index of the value to get or set.</param>
        public TValue this[int index] {
            get {
                return GetItem(index).Value;
            }
            set {
                SetItem(index, value);
            }
        }

        public int Count {
            get { return _keyedCollection.Count; }
        }

        public ICollection<TKey> Keys {
            get {
                return _keyedCollection.Select(x => x.Key).ToList();
            }
        }

        public ICollection<TValue> Values {
            get {
                return _keyedCollection.Select(x => x.Value).ToList();
            }
        }

        public IEqualityComparer<TKey> Comparer {
            get;
            private set;
        }

        #endregion

        #region Constructors

        public OrderedDictionary() {
            Initialize();
        }

        public OrderedDictionary(IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer) {
            Initialize(comparer);
        }

        public OrderedDictionary(IOrderedDictionary<TKey, TValue> dictionary) {
            Initialize();
            foreach (KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> pair in dictionary) {
                _keyedCollection.Add(pair);
            }
        }

        public OrderedDictionary(IOrderedDictionary<TKey, TValue> dictionary, IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer) {
            Initialize(comparer);
            foreach (KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> pair in dictionary) {
                _keyedCollection.Add(pair);
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region Methods

        private void Initialize(IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer = null) {
            this.Comparer = comparer;
            if (comparer != null) {
                _keyedCollection = new KeyedCollection2<TKey, KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>(x => x.Key, comparer);
            }
            else {
                _keyedCollection = new KeyedCollection2<TKey, KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>(x => x.Key);
            }
        }

        public void Add(TKey key, TValue value) {
            _keyedCollection.Add(new KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>(key, value));
        }

        public void Clear() {
            _keyedCollection.Clear();
        }

        public void Insert(int index, TKey key, TValue value) {
            _keyedCollection.Insert(index, new KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>(key, value));
        }

        public int IndexOf(TKey key) {
            if (_keyedCollection.Contains(key)) {
                return _keyedCollection.IndexOf(_keyedCollection[key]);
            }
            else {
                return -1;
            }
        }

        public bool ContainsValue(TValue value) {
            return this.Values.Contains(value);
        }

        public bool ContainsValue(TValue value, IEqualityComparer<TValue> comparer) {
            return this.Values.Contains(value, comparer);
        }

        public bool ContainsKey(TKey key) {
            return _keyedCollection.Contains(key);
        }

        public KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> GetItem(int index) {
            if (index < 0 || index >= _keyedCollection.Count) {
                throw new ArgumentException(String.Format("The index was outside the bounds of the dictionary: {0}", index));
            }
            return _keyedCollection[index];
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Sets the value at the index specified.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="index">The index of the value desired</param>
        /// <param name="value">The value to set</param>
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
        /// Thrown when the index specified does not refer to a KeyValuePair in this object
        /// </exception>
        public void SetItem(int index, TValue value) {
            if (index < 0 || index >= _keyedCollection.Count) {
                throw new ArgumentException("The index is outside the bounds of the dictionary: {0}".FormatWith(index));
            }
            var kvp = new KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>(_keyedCollection[index].Key, value);
            _keyedCollection[index] = kvp;
        }

        public IEnumerator<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>> GetEnumerator() {
            return _keyedCollection.GetEnumerator();
        }

        public bool Remove(TKey key) {
            return _keyedCollection.Remove(key);
        }

        public void RemoveAt(int index) {
            if (index < 0 || index >= _keyedCollection.Count) {
                throw new ArgumentException(String.Format("The index was outside the bounds of the dictionary: {0}", index));
            }
            _keyedCollection.RemoveAt(index);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the value associated with the specified key.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="key">The key associated with the value to get.</param>
        public TValue GetValue(TKey key) {
            if (_keyedCollection.Contains(key) == false) {
                throw new ArgumentException("The given key is not present in the dictionary: {0}".FormatWith(key));
            }
            var kvp = _keyedCollection[key];
            return kvp.Value;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Sets the value associated with the specified key.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="key">The key associated with the value to set.</param>
        /// <param name="value">The the value to set.</param>
        public void SetValue(TKey key, TValue value) {
            var kvp = new KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>(key, value);
            var idx = IndexOf(key);
            if (idx > -1) {
                _keyedCollection[idx] = kvp;
            }
            else {
                _keyedCollection.Add(kvp);
            }
        }

        public bool TryGetValue(TKey key, out TValue value) {
            if (_keyedCollection.Contains(key)) {
                value = _keyedCollection[key].Value;
                return true;
            }
            else {
                value = default(TValue);
                return false;
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region sorting
        public void SortKeys() {
            _keyedCollection.SortByKeys();
        }

        public void SortKeys(IComparer<TKey> comparer) {
            _keyedCollection.SortByKeys(comparer);
        }

        public void SortKeys(Comparison<TKey> comparison) {
            _keyedCollection.SortByKeys(comparison);
        }

        public void SortValues() {
            var comparer = Comparer<TValue>.Default;
            SortValues(comparer);
        }

        public void SortValues(IComparer<TValue> comparer) {
            _keyedCollection.Sort((x, y) => comparer.Compare(x.Value, y.Value));
        }

        public void SortValues(Comparison<TValue> comparison) {
            _keyedCollection.Sort((x, y) => comparison(x.Value, y.Value));
        }
        #endregion

        #region IDictionary<TKey, TValue>

        void IDictionary<TKey, TValue>.Add(TKey key, TValue value) {
            Add(key, value);
        }

        bool IDictionary<TKey, TValue>.ContainsKey(TKey key) {
            return ContainsKey(key);
        }

        ICollection<TKey> IDictionary<TKey, TValue>.Keys {
            get { return Keys; }
        }

        bool IDictionary<TKey, TValue>.Remove(TKey key) {
            return Remove(key);
        }

        bool IDictionary<TKey, TValue>.TryGetValue(TKey key, out TValue value) {
            return TryGetValue(key, out value);
        }

        ICollection<TValue> IDictionary<TKey, TValue>.Values {
            get { return Values; }
        }

        TValue IDictionary<TKey, TValue>.this[TKey key] {
            get {
                return this[key];
            }
            set {
                this[key] = value;
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region ICollection<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>

        void ICollection<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>.Add(KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> item) {
            _keyedCollection.Add(item);
        }

        void ICollection<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>.Clear() {
            _keyedCollection.Clear();
        }

        bool ICollection<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>.Contains(KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> item) {
            return _keyedCollection.Contains(item);
        }

        void ICollection<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>.CopyTo(KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>[] array, int arrayIndex) {
            _keyedCollection.CopyTo(array, arrayIndex);
        }

        int ICollection<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>.Count {
            get { return _keyedCollection.Count; }
        }

        bool ICollection<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>.IsReadOnly {
            get { return false; }
        }

        bool ICollection<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>.Remove(KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> item) {
            return _keyedCollection.Remove(item);
        }

        #endregion

        #region IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>

        IEnumerator<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>> IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>.GetEnumerator() {
            return GetEnumerator();
        }

        #endregion

        #region IEnumerable

        IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() {
            return GetEnumerator();
        }

        #endregion

        #region IOrderedDictionary

        IDictionaryEnumerator IOrderedDictionary.GetEnumerator() {
            return new DictionaryEnumerator<TKey, TValue>(this);
        }

        void IOrderedDictionary.Insert(int index, object key, object value) {
            Insert(index, (TKey)key, (TValue)value);
        }

        void IOrderedDictionary.RemoveAt(int index) {
            RemoveAt(index);
        }

        object IOrderedDictionary.this[int index] {
            get {
                return this[index];
            }
            set {
                this[index] = (TValue)value;
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region IDictionary

        void IDictionary.Add(object key, object value) {
            Add((TKey)key, (TValue)value);
        }

        void IDictionary.Clear() {
            Clear();
        }

        bool IDictionary.Contains(object key) {
            return _keyedCollection.Contains((TKey)key);
        }

        IDictionaryEnumerator IDictionary.GetEnumerator() {
            return new DictionaryEnumerator<TKey, TValue>(this);
        }

        bool IDictionary.IsFixedSize {
            get { return false; }
        }

        bool IDictionary.IsReadOnly {
            get { return false; }
        }

        ICollection IDictionary.Keys {
            get { return (ICollection)this.Keys; }
        }

        void IDictionary.Remove(object key) {
            Remove((TKey)key);
        }

        ICollection IDictionary.Values {
            get { return (ICollection)this.Values; }
        }

        object IDictionary.this[object key] {
            get {
                return this[(TKey)key];
            }
            set {
                this[(TKey)key] = (TValue)value;
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region ICollection

        void ICollection.CopyTo(Array array, int index) {
            ((ICollection)_keyedCollection).CopyTo(array, index);
        }

        int ICollection.Count {
            get { return ((ICollection)_keyedCollection).Count; }
        }

        bool ICollection.IsSynchronized {
            get { return ((ICollection)_keyedCollection).IsSynchronized; }
        }

        object ICollection.SyncRoot {
            get { return ((ICollection)_keyedCollection).SyncRoot; }
        }

        #endregion
    }

    public class KeyedCollection2<TKey, TItem> : KeyedCollection<TKey, TItem> {
        private const string DelegateNullExceptionMessage = "Delegate passed cannot be null";
        private Func<TItem, TKey> _getKeyForItemDelegate;

        public KeyedCollection2(Func<TItem, TKey> getKeyForItemDelegate)
            : base() {
            if (getKeyForItemDelegate == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(DelegateNullExceptionMessage);
            _getKeyForItemDelegate = getKeyForItemDelegate;
        }

        public KeyedCollection2(Func<TItem, TKey> getKeyForItemDelegate, IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer)
            : base(comparer) {
            if (getKeyForItemDelegate == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(DelegateNullExceptionMessage);
            _getKeyForItemDelegate = getKeyForItemDelegate;
        }

        protected override TKey GetKeyForItem(TItem item) {
            return _getKeyForItemDelegate(item);
        }

        public void SortByKeys() {
            var comparer = Comparer<TKey>.Default;
            SortByKeys(comparer);
        }

        public void SortByKeys(IComparer<TKey> keyComparer) {
            var comparer = new Comparer2<TItem>((x, y) => keyComparer.Compare(GetKeyForItem(x), GetKeyForItem(y)));
            Sort(comparer);
        }

        public void SortByKeys(Comparison<TKey> keyComparison) {
            var comparer = new Comparer2<TItem>((x, y) => keyComparison(GetKeyForItem(x), GetKeyForItem(y)));
            Sort(comparer);
        }

        public void Sort() {
            var comparer = Comparer<TItem>.Default;
            Sort(comparer);
        }

        public void Sort(Comparison<TItem> comparison) {
            var newComparer = new Comparer2<TItem>((x, y) => comparison(x, y));
            Sort(newComparer);
        }

        public void Sort(IComparer<TItem> comparer) {
            List<TItem> list = base.Items as List<TItem>;
            if (list != null) {
                list.Sort(comparer);
            }
        }
    }

    public class Comparer2<T> : Comparer<T> {
        //private readonly Func<T, T, int> _compareFunction;
        private readonly Comparison<T> _compareFunction;

        #region Constructors

        public Comparer2(Comparison<T> comparison) {
            if (comparison == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("comparison");
            _compareFunction = comparison;
        }

        #endregion

        public override int Compare(T arg1, T arg2) {
            return _compareFunction(arg1, arg2);
        }
    }

    public class DictionaryEnumerator<TKey, TValue> : IDictionaryEnumerator, IDisposable {
        readonly IEnumerator<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>> impl;
        public void Dispose() { impl.Dispose(); }
        public DictionaryEnumerator(IDictionary<TKey, TValue> value) {
            this.impl = value.GetEnumerator();
        }
        public void Reset() { impl.Reset(); }
        public bool MoveNext() { return impl.MoveNext(); }
        public DictionaryEntry Entry {
            get {
                var pair = impl.Current;
                return new DictionaryEntry(pair.Key, pair.Value);
            }
        }
        public object Key { get { return impl.Current.Key; } }
        public object Value { get { return impl.Current.Value; } }
        public object Current { get { return Entry; } }
    }
}

Et aucune implémentation ne serait complète sans quelques tests (mais tragiquement, SO ne me laisse pas poster autant de code en un seul post), je vais donc devoir vous laisser écrire vos tests. Mais j'en ai laissé quelques-uns pour que vous puissiez vous faire une idée du fonctionnement :

// http://unlicense.org
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using mattmc3.Common.Collections.Generic;

namespace mattmc3.Tests.Common.Collections.Generic {
    [TestClass]
    public class OrderedDictionaryTests {

        private OrderedDictionary<string, string> GetAlphabetDictionary(IEqualityComparer<string> comparer = null) {
            OrderedDictionary<string, string> alphabet = (comparer == null ? new OrderedDictionary<string, string>() : new OrderedDictionary<string, string>(comparer));
            for (var a = Convert.ToInt32('a'); a <= Convert.ToInt32('z'); a++) {
                var c = Convert.ToChar(a);
                alphabet.Add(c.ToString(), c.ToString().ToUpper());
            }
            Assert.AreEqual(26, alphabet.Count);
            return alphabet;
        }

        private List<KeyValuePair<string, string>> GetAlphabetList() {
            var alphabet = new List<KeyValuePair<string, string>>();
            for (var a = Convert.ToInt32('a'); a <= Convert.ToInt32('z'); a++) {
                var c = Convert.ToChar(a);
                alphabet.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, string>(c.ToString(), c.ToString().ToUpper()));
            }
            Assert.AreEqual(26, alphabet.Count);
            return alphabet;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestAdd() {
            var od = new OrderedDictionary<string, string>();
            Assert.AreEqual(0, od.Count);
            Assert.AreEqual(-1, od.IndexOf("foo"));

            od.Add("foo", "bar");
            Assert.AreEqual(1, od.Count);
            Assert.AreEqual(0, od.IndexOf("foo"));
            Assert.AreEqual(od[0], "bar");
            Assert.AreEqual(od["foo"], "bar");
            Assert.AreEqual(od.GetItem(0).Key, "foo");
            Assert.AreEqual(od.GetItem(0).Value, "bar");
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestRemove() {
            var od = new OrderedDictionary<string, string>();

            od.Add("foo", "bar");
            Assert.AreEqual(1, od.Count);

            od.Remove("foo");
            Assert.AreEqual(0, od.Count);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestRemoveAt() {
            var od = new OrderedDictionary<string, string>();

            od.Add("foo", "bar");
            Assert.AreEqual(1, od.Count);

            od.RemoveAt(0);
            Assert.AreEqual(0, od.Count);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestClear() {
            var od = GetAlphabetDictionary();
            Assert.AreEqual(26, od.Count);
            od.Clear();
            Assert.AreEqual(0, od.Count);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestOrderIsPreserved() {
            var alphabetDict = GetAlphabetDictionary();
            var alphabetList = GetAlphabetList();
            Assert.AreEqual(26, alphabetDict.Count);
            Assert.AreEqual(26, alphabetList.Count);

            var keys = alphabetDict.Keys.ToList();
            var values = alphabetDict.Values.ToList();

            for (var i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
                var dictItem = alphabetDict.GetItem(i);
                var listItem = alphabetList[i];
                var key = keys[i];
                var value = values[i];

                Assert.AreEqual(dictItem, listItem);
                Assert.AreEqual(key, listItem.Key);
                Assert.AreEqual(value, listItem.Value);
            }
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestTryGetValue() {
            var alphabetDict = GetAlphabetDictionary();
            string result = null;
            Assert.IsFalse(alphabetDict.TryGetValue("abc", out result));
            Assert.IsNull(result);
            Assert.IsTrue(alphabetDict.TryGetValue("z", out result));
            Assert.AreEqual("Z", result);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestEnumerator() {
            var alphabetDict = GetAlphabetDictionary();

            var keys = alphabetDict.Keys.ToList();
            Assert.AreEqual(26, keys.Count);

            var i = 0;
            foreach (var kvp in alphabetDict) {
                var value = alphabetDict[kvp.Key];
                Assert.AreEqual(kvp.Value, value);
                i++;
            }
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestInvalidIndex() {
            var alphabetDict = GetAlphabetDictionary();
            try {
                var notGonnaWork = alphabetDict[100];
                Assert.IsTrue(false, "Exception should have thrown");
            }
            catch (Exception ex) {
                Assert.IsTrue(ex.Message.Contains("index is outside the bounds"));
            }
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestMissingKey() {
            var alphabetDict = GetAlphabetDictionary();
            try {
                var notGonnaWork = alphabetDict["abc"];
                Assert.IsTrue(false, "Exception should have thrown");
            }
            catch (Exception ex) {
                Assert.IsTrue(ex.Message.Contains("key is not present"));
            }
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestUpdateExistingValue() {
            var alphabetDict = GetAlphabetDictionary();
            Assert.IsTrue(alphabetDict.ContainsKey("c"));
            Assert.AreEqual(2, alphabetDict.IndexOf("c"));
            Assert.AreEqual(alphabetDict[2], "C");
            alphabetDict[2] = "CCC";
            Assert.IsTrue(alphabetDict.ContainsKey("c"));
            Assert.AreEqual(2, alphabetDict.IndexOf("c"));
            Assert.AreEqual(alphabetDict[2], "CCC");
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestInsertValue() {
            var alphabetDict = GetAlphabetDictionary();
            Assert.IsTrue(alphabetDict.ContainsKey("c"));
            Assert.AreEqual(2, alphabetDict.IndexOf("c"));
            Assert.AreEqual(alphabetDict[2], "C");
            Assert.AreEqual(26, alphabetDict.Count);
            Assert.IsFalse(alphabetDict.ContainsValue("ABC"));

            alphabetDict.Insert(2, "abc", "ABC");
            Assert.IsTrue(alphabetDict.ContainsKey("c"));
            Assert.AreEqual(2, alphabetDict.IndexOf("abc"));
            Assert.AreEqual(alphabetDict[2], "ABC");
            Assert.AreEqual(27, alphabetDict.Count);
            Assert.IsTrue(alphabetDict.ContainsValue("ABC"));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestValueComparer() {
            var alphabetDict = GetAlphabetDictionary();
            Assert.IsFalse(alphabetDict.ContainsValue("a"));
            Assert.IsTrue(alphabetDict.ContainsValue("a", StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestSortByKeys() {
            var alphabetDict = GetAlphabetDictionary();
            var reverseAlphabetDict = GetAlphabetDictionary();
            Comparison<string> stringReverse = ((x, y) => (String.Equals(x, y) ? 0 : String.Compare(x, y) >= 1 ? -1 : 1));
            reverseAlphabetDict.SortKeys(stringReverse);
            for (int j = 0, k = 25; j < alphabetDict.Count; j++, k--) {
                var ascValue = alphabetDict.GetItem(j);
                var dscValue = reverseAlphabetDict.GetItem(k);
                Assert.AreEqual(ascValue.Key, dscValue.Key);
                Assert.AreEqual(ascValue.Value, dscValue.Value);
            }
        }

-- UPDATE --

Source de cette bibliothèque et d'autres bibliothèques .NET manquantes vraiment utiles ici : https://github.com/mattmc3/dotmore/blob/master/dotmore/Collections/Generic/OrderedDictionary.cs

Answer 2

Vous avez raison. Il n'y a pas d'équivalent générique de OrderedDictionary dans le cadre lui-même.

(C'est toujours le cas pour .NET 4 également, pour autant que je sache).

Mais vous pouvez voter pour lui au UserVoice de Visual Studio (2016-10-04) !

Answer 3

Pour mémoire, il existe un générique Collection clavetée qui permet aux objets d'être indexés par un int et une clé. La clé doit être incorporée dans la valeur.

Answer 4

Voici une découverte bizarre : l'espace de noms System.Web.Util dans System.Web.Extensions.dll contient un OrderedDictionary générique.

// Type: System.Web.Util.OrderedDictionary`2
// Assembly: System.Web.Extensions, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35
// Assembly location: C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\System.Web.Extensions.dll

namespace System.Web.Util
{
    internal class OrderedDictionary<TKey, TValue> : IDictionary<TKey, TValue>, ICollection<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>, IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>, IEnumerable

Je ne sais pas pourquoi MS l'a placé là plutôt que dans le paquet System.Collections.Generic, mais je suppose que vous pouvez simplement copier-coller le code et l'utiliser (il est interne, donc vous ne pouvez pas l'utiliser directement). Il semble que l'implémentation utilise un dictionnaire standard et des listes de clés/valeurs séparées. Plutôt simple...

Answer 5

Pour ce que ça vaut, voici comment j'ai résolu le problème :

   public class PairList<TKey, TValue> : List<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>> {
        Dictionary<TKey, int> itsIndex = new Dictionary<TKey, int>();

        public void Add(TKey key, TValue value) {
            Add(new KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>(key, value));
            itsIndex.Add(key, Count-1);
        }

        public TValue Get(TKey key) {
            var idx = itsIndex[key];
            return this[idx].Value;
        }
    }

Il peut être initialisé comme suit :

var pairList = new PairList<string, string>
    {
        { "pitcher", "Ken" },
        { "catcher", "Brad"},
        { "left fielder", "Stan"},
    };

et accédé comme ceci :

foreach (var pair in pairList)
{
    Console.WriteLine("position: {0}, player: {1}",
        pair.Key, pair.Value);
}

// Guaranteed to print in the order of initialization