Aucune des solutions ci-dessus répond à la question. Soit ils ne vous donnent pas absolue heure Unix, ou leur précision est de 1 microseconde. Le plus populaire de la solution par jbenet est lent (~6000ns) et ne compte pas en nanosecondes, même si son retour suggère. Ci-dessous est un test pour les 2 solutions proposées par jbenet et Dmitri B, de plus, mon prendre sur cette. Vous pouvez exécuter le code sans modification.
La 3ème solution ne compte pas en nanosecondes et vous donne absolue Unix de temps assez rapide (~90ns). Donc, si quelqu'un la trouver utile - s'il vous plaît laissez-nous le savons tous ici :-). Je m'en tiendrai à celle de Dmitri B (solution n ° 1 dans le code) - il correspond à mes besoins mieux.
J'avais besoin de qualité commerciale alternative à clock_gettime() pour faire pthread_...chronométré.. appels, et trouvé ce débat très utile. Merci les gars.
/*
Ratings of alternatives to clock_gettime() to use with pthread timed waits:
Solution 1 "gettimeofday":
Complexity : simple
Portability : POSIX 1
timespec : easy to convert from timeval to timespec
granularity : 1000 ns,
call : 120 ns,
Rating : the best.
Solution 2 "host_get_clock_service, clock_get_time":
Complexity : simple (error handling?)
Portability : Mac specific (is it always available?)
timespec : yes (struct timespec return)
granularity : 1000 ns (don't be fooled by timespec format)
call time : 6000 ns
Rating : the worst.
Solution 3 "mach_absolute_time + gettimeofday once":
Complexity : simple..average (requires initialisation)
Portability : Mac specific. Always available
timespec : system clock can be converted to timespec without float-math
granularity : 1 ns.
call time : 90 ns unoptimised.
Rating : not bad, but do we really need nanoseconds timeout?
References:
- OS X is UNIX System 3 [U03] certified
http://www.opengroup.org/homepage-items/c987.html
- UNIX System 3 <--> POSIX 1 <--> IEEE Std 1003.1-1988
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POSIX
http://www.unix.org/version3/
- gettimeofday() is mandatory on U03,
clock_..() functions are optional on U03,
clock_..() are part of POSIX Realtime extensions
http://www.unix.org/version3/inttables.pdf
- clock_gettime() is not available on MacMini OS X
(Xcode > Preferences > Downloads > Command Line Tools = Installed)
- OS X recommends to use gettimeofday to calculate values for timespec
https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/Darwin/Reference/ManPages/man3/pthread_cond_timedwait.3.html
- timeval holds microseconds, timespec - nanoseconds
http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Elapsed-Time.html
- microtime() is used by kernel to implement gettimeofday()
http://ftp.tw.freebsd.org/pub/branches/7.0-stable/src/sys/kern/kern_time.c
- mach_absolute_time() is really fast
http://www.opensource.apple.com/source/Libc/Libc-320.1.3/i386/mach/mach_absolute_time.c
- Only 9 deciaml digits have meaning when int nanoseconds converted to double seconds
Tutorial: Performance and Time post uses .12 precision for nanoseconds
http://www.macresearch.org/tutorial_performance_and_time
Example:
Three ways to prepare absolute time 1500 milliseconds in the future to use with pthread timed functions.
Output, N = 3, stock MacMini, OSX 10.7.5, 2.3GHz i5, 2GB 1333MHz DDR3:
inittime.tv_sec = 1390659993
inittime.tv_nsec = 361539000
initclock = 76672695144136
get_abs_future_time_0() : 1390659994.861599000
get_abs_future_time_0() : 1390659994.861599000
get_abs_future_time_0() : 1390659994.861599000
get_abs_future_time_1() : 1390659994.861618000
get_abs_future_time_1() : 1390659994.861634000
get_abs_future_time_1() : 1390659994.861642000
get_abs_future_time_2() : 1390659994.861643671
get_abs_future_time_2() : 1390659994.861643877
get_abs_future_time_2() : 1390659994.861643972
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/time.h> /* gettimeofday */
#include <mach/mach_time.h> /* mach_absolute_time */
#include <mach/mach.h> /* host_get_clock_service, mach_... */
#include <mach/clock.h> /* clock_get_time */
#define BILLION 1000000000L
#define MILLION 1000000L
#define NORMALISE_TIMESPEC( ts, uint_milli ) \
do { \
ts.tv_sec += uint_milli / 1000u; \
ts.tv_nsec += (uint_milli % 1000u) * MILLION; \
ts.tv_sec += ts.tv_nsec / BILLION; \
ts.tv_nsec = ts.tv_nsec % BILLION; \
} while (0)
static mach_timebase_info_data_t timebase = { 0, 0 }; /* numer = 0, denom = 0 */
static struct timespec inittime = { 0, 0 }; /* nanoseconds since 1-Jan-1970 to init() */
static uint64_t initclock; /* ticks since boot to init() */
void init()
{
struct timeval micro; /* microseconds since 1 Jan 1970 */
if (mach_timebase_info(&timebase) != 0)
abort(); /* very unlikely error */
if (gettimeofday(µ, NULL) != 0)
abort(); /* very unlikely error */
initclock = mach_absolute_time();
inittime.tv_sec = micro.tv_sec;
inittime.tv_nsec = micro.tv_usec * 1000;
printf("\tinittime.tv_sec = %ld\n", inittime.tv_sec);
printf("\tinittime.tv_nsec = %ld\n", inittime.tv_nsec);
printf("\tinitclock = %ld\n", (long)initclock);
}
/*
* Get absolute future time for pthread timed calls
* Solution 1: microseconds granularity
*/
struct timespec get_abs_future_time_coarse(unsigned milli)
{
struct timespec future; /* ns since 1 Jan 1970 to 1500 ms in the future */
struct timeval micro = {0, 0}; /* 1 Jan 1970 */
(void) gettimeofday(µ, NULL);
future.tv_sec = micro.tv_sec;
future.tv_nsec = micro.tv_usec * 1000;
NORMALISE_TIMESPEC( future, milli );
return future;
}
/*
* Solution 2: via clock service
*/
struct timespec get_abs_future_time_served(unsigned milli)
{
struct timespec future;
clock_serv_t cclock;
mach_timespec_t mts;
host_get_clock_service(mach_host_self(), CALENDAR_CLOCK, &cclock);
clock_get_time(cclock, &mts);
mach_port_deallocate(mach_task_self(), cclock);
future.tv_sec = mts.tv_sec;
future.tv_nsec = mts.tv_nsec;
NORMALISE_TIMESPEC( future, milli );
return future;
}
/*
* Solution 3: nanosecond granularity
*/
struct timespec get_abs_future_time_fine(unsigned milli)
{
struct timespec future; /* ns since 1 Jan 1970 to 1500 ms in future */
uint64_t clock; /* ticks since init */
uint64_t nano; /* nanoseconds since init */
clock = mach_absolute_time() - initclock;
nano = clock * (uint64_t)timebase.numer / (uint64_t)timebase.denom;
future = inittime;
future.tv_sec += nano / BILLION;
future.tv_nsec += nano % BILLION;
NORMALISE_TIMESPEC( future, milli );
return future;
}
#define N 3
int main()
{
int i, j;
struct timespec time[3][N];
struct timespec (*get_abs_future_time[])(unsigned milli) =
{
&get_abs_future_time_coarse,
&get_abs_future_time_served,
&get_abs_future_time_fine
};
init();
for (j = 0; j < 3; j++)
for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
time[j][i] = get_abs_future_time[j](1500); /* now() + 1500 ms */
for (j = 0; j < 3; j++)
for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
printf("get_abs_future_time_%d() : %10ld.%09ld\n",
j, time[j][i].tv_sec, time[j][i].tv_nsec);
return 0;
}