Appliquer un trait à un bloc de texte en WPF

Question

Comment appliquer un trait (contour autour du texte) à un bloc de texte en xaml dans WPF ?

Answer 1

Vous trouverez ci-dessous mon point de vue plus idiomatique sur le WPF et les fonctionnalités complètes. Elle supporte à peu près tout ce que vous pouvez attendre, y compris.. :

• toutes les propriétés relatives aux polices, y compris l'étirement et le style
• alignement du texte (gauche, droite, centre, justification)
• l'habillage du texte
• rognage de texte
• décorations de texte (soulignement, barrage, etc.)

Voici un exemple simple de ce que l'on peut réaliser avec elle :

<local:OutlinedTextBlock FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="20pt" FontWeight="ExtraBold" TextWrapping="Wrap" StrokeThickness="1" Stroke="{StaticResource TextStroke}" Fill="{StaticResource TextFill}">
    Neque porro quisquam est qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit
</local:OutlinedTextBlock>

Ce qui a pour conséquence :

Voici le code pour le contrôle :

using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Markup;
using System.Windows.Media;

[ContentProperty("Text")]
public class OutlinedTextBlock : FrameworkElement
{
    public static readonly DependencyProperty FillProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
        "Fill",
        typeof(Brush),
        typeof(OutlinedTextBlock),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(Brushes.Black, FrameworkPropertyMetadataOptions.AffectsRender));

    public static readonly DependencyProperty StrokeProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
        "Stroke",
        typeof(Brush),
        typeof(OutlinedTextBlock),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(Brushes.Black, FrameworkPropertyMetadataOptions.AffectsRender));

    public static readonly DependencyProperty StrokeThicknessProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
        "StrokeThickness",
        typeof(double),
        typeof(OutlinedTextBlock),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(1d, FrameworkPropertyMetadataOptions.AffectsRender));

    public static readonly DependencyProperty FontFamilyProperty = TextElement.FontFamilyProperty.AddOwner(
        typeof(OutlinedTextBlock),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(OnFormattedTextUpdated));

    public static readonly DependencyProperty FontSizeProperty = TextElement.FontSizeProperty.AddOwner(
        typeof(OutlinedTextBlock),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(OnFormattedTextUpdated));

    public static readonly DependencyProperty FontStretchProperty = TextElement.FontStretchProperty.AddOwner(
        typeof(OutlinedTextBlock),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(OnFormattedTextUpdated));

    public static readonly DependencyProperty FontStyleProperty = TextElement.FontStyleProperty.AddOwner(
        typeof(OutlinedTextBlock),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(OnFormattedTextUpdated));

    public static readonly DependencyProperty FontWeightProperty = TextElement.FontWeightProperty.AddOwner(
        typeof(OutlinedTextBlock),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(OnFormattedTextUpdated));

    public static readonly DependencyProperty TextProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
        "Text",
        typeof(string),
        typeof(OutlinedTextBlock),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(OnFormattedTextInvalidated));

    public static readonly DependencyProperty TextAlignmentProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
        "TextAlignment",
        typeof(TextAlignment),
        typeof(OutlinedTextBlock),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(OnFormattedTextUpdated));

    public static readonly DependencyProperty TextDecorationsProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
        "TextDecorations",
        typeof(TextDecorationCollection),
        typeof(OutlinedTextBlock),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(OnFormattedTextUpdated));

    public static readonly DependencyProperty TextTrimmingProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
        "TextTrimming",
        typeof(TextTrimming),
        typeof(OutlinedTextBlock),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(OnFormattedTextUpdated));

    public static readonly DependencyProperty TextWrappingProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
        "TextWrapping",
        typeof(TextWrapping),
        typeof(OutlinedTextBlock),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(TextWrapping.NoWrap, OnFormattedTextUpdated));

    private FormattedText formattedText;
    private Geometry textGeometry;

    public OutlinedTextBlock()
    {
        this.TextDecorations = new TextDecorationCollection();
    }

    public Brush Fill
    {
        get { return (Brush)GetValue(FillProperty); }
        set { SetValue(FillProperty, value); }
    }

    public FontFamily FontFamily
    {
        get { return (FontFamily)GetValue(FontFamilyProperty); }
        set { SetValue(FontFamilyProperty, value); }
    }

    [TypeConverter(typeof(FontSizeConverter))]
    public double FontSize
    {
        get { return (double)GetValue(FontSizeProperty); }
        set { SetValue(FontSizeProperty, value); }
    }

    public FontStretch FontStretch
    {
        get { return (FontStretch)GetValue(FontStretchProperty); }
        set { SetValue(FontStretchProperty, value); }
    }

    public FontStyle FontStyle
    {
        get { return (FontStyle)GetValue(FontStyleProperty); }
        set { SetValue(FontStyleProperty, value); }
    }

    public FontWeight FontWeight
    {
        get { return (FontWeight)GetValue(FontWeightProperty); }
        set { SetValue(FontWeightProperty, value); }
    }

    public Brush Stroke
    {
        get { return (Brush)GetValue(StrokeProperty); }
        set { SetValue(StrokeProperty, value); }
    }

    public double StrokeThickness
    {
        get { return (double)GetValue(StrokeThicknessProperty); }
        set { SetValue(StrokeThicknessProperty, value); }
    }

    public string Text
    {
        get { return (string)GetValue(TextProperty); }
        set { SetValue(TextProperty, value); }
    }

    public TextAlignment TextAlignment
    {
        get { return (TextAlignment)GetValue(TextAlignmentProperty); }
        set { SetValue(TextAlignmentProperty, value); }
    }

    public TextDecorationCollection TextDecorations
    {
        get { return (TextDecorationCollection)this.GetValue(TextDecorationsProperty); }
        set { this.SetValue(TextDecorationsProperty, value); }
    }

    public TextTrimming TextTrimming
    {
        get { return (TextTrimming)GetValue(TextTrimmingProperty); }
        set { SetValue(TextTrimmingProperty, value); }
    }

    public TextWrapping TextWrapping
    {
        get { return (TextWrapping)GetValue(TextWrappingProperty); }
        set { SetValue(TextWrappingProperty, value); }
    }

    protected override void OnRender(DrawingContext drawingContext)
    {
        this.EnsureGeometry();

        drawingContext.DrawGeometry(this.Fill, new Pen(this.Stroke, this.StrokeThickness), this.textGeometry);
    }

    protected override Size MeasureOverride(Size availableSize)
    {
        this.EnsureFormattedText();

        // constrain the formatted text according to the available size
        // the Math.Min call is important - without this constraint (which seems arbitrary, but is the maximum allowable text width), things blow up when availableSize is infinite in both directions
        // the Math.Max call is to ensure we don't hit zero, which will cause MaxTextHeight to throw
        this.formattedText.MaxTextWidth = Math.Min(3579139, availableSize.Width);
        this.formattedText.MaxTextHeight = Math.Max(0.0001d, availableSize.Height);

        // return the desired size
        return new Size(this.formattedText.Width, this.formattedText.Height);
    }

    protected override Size ArrangeOverride(Size finalSize)
    {
        this.EnsureFormattedText();

        // update the formatted text with the final size
        this.formattedText.MaxTextWidth = finalSize.Width;
        this.formattedText.MaxTextHeight = finalSize.Height;

        // need to re-generate the geometry now that the dimensions have changed
        this.textGeometry = null;

        return finalSize;
    }

    private static void OnFormattedTextInvalidated(DependencyObject dependencyObject, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        var outlinedTextBlock = (OutlinedTextBlock)dependencyObject;
        outlinedTextBlock.formattedText = null;
        outlinedTextBlock.textGeometry = null;

        outlinedTextBlock.InvalidateMeasure();
        outlinedTextBlock.InvalidateVisual();
    }

    private static void OnFormattedTextUpdated(DependencyObject dependencyObject, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        var outlinedTextBlock = (OutlinedTextBlock)dependencyObject;
        outlinedTextBlock.UpdateFormattedText();
        outlinedTextBlock.textGeometry = null;

        outlinedTextBlock.InvalidateMeasure();
        outlinedTextBlock.InvalidateVisual();
    }

    private void EnsureFormattedText()
    {
        if (this.formattedText != null || this.Text == null)
        {
            return;
        }

        this.formattedText = new FormattedText(
            this.Text,
            CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture,
            this.FlowDirection,
            new Typeface(this.FontFamily, this.FontStyle, this.FontWeight, FontStretches.Normal),
            this.FontSize,
            Brushes.Black);

        this.UpdateFormattedText();
    }

    private void UpdateFormattedText()
    {
        if (this.formattedText == null)
        {
            return;
        }

        this.formattedText.MaxLineCount = this.TextWrapping == TextWrapping.NoWrap ? 1 : int.MaxValue;
        this.formattedText.TextAlignment = this.TextAlignment;
        this.formattedText.Trimming = this.TextTrimming;

        this.formattedText.SetFontSize(this.FontSize);
        this.formattedText.SetFontStyle(this.FontStyle);
        this.formattedText.SetFontWeight(this.FontWeight);
        this.formattedText.SetFontFamily(this.FontFamily);
        this.formattedText.SetFontStretch(this.FontStretch);
        this.formattedText.SetTextDecorations(this.TextDecorations);
    }

    private void EnsureGeometry()
    {
        if (this.textGeometry != null)
        {
            return;
        }

        this.EnsureFormattedText();
        this.textGeometry = this.formattedText.BuildGeometry(new Point(0, 0));
    }
}

Answer 2

Je l'ai trouvé. Ce n'est pas si facile à faire apparemment, il n'y a pas de texte d'arrêt intégré dans WPF (une grande fonctionnalité manquante si vous voulez mon avis). D'abord créer la classe personnalisée :

using System;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Markup;

namespace CustomXaml
{

public class OutlinedText : FrameworkElement, IAddChild
{
    #region Private Fields

    private Geometry _textGeometry;

    #endregion

    #region Private Methods

    /// <summary>
    /// Invoked when a dependency property has changed. Generate a new FormattedText object to display.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="d">OutlineText object whose property was updated.</param>
    /// <param name="e">Event arguments for the dependency property.</param>
    private static void OnOutlineTextInvalidated(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        ((OutlinedText)d).CreateText();
    }

    #endregion

    #region FrameworkElement Overrides

    /// <summary>
    /// OnRender override draws the geometry of the text and optional highlight.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="drawingContext">Drawing context of the OutlineText control.</param>
    protected override void OnRender(DrawingContext drawingContext)
    {
        CreateText();
        // Draw the outline based on the properties that are set.
        drawingContext.DrawGeometry(Fill, new Pen(Stroke, StrokeThickness), _textGeometry);

    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Create the outline geometry based on the formatted text.
    /// </summary>
    public void CreateText()
    {
        FontStyle fontStyle = FontStyles.Normal;
        FontWeight fontWeight = FontWeights.Medium;

        if (Bold == true) fontWeight = FontWeights.Bold;
        if (Italic == true) fontStyle = FontStyles.Italic;

        // Create the formatted text based on the properties set.
        FormattedText formattedText = new FormattedText(
            Text,
            CultureInfo.GetCultureInfo("en-us"),                
            FlowDirection.LeftToRight,
            new Typeface(Font, fontStyle, fontWeight, FontStretches.Normal),                
            FontSize,
            Brushes.Black // This brush does not matter since we use the geometry of the text. 
            );

        // Build the geometry object that represents the text.
        _textGeometry = formattedText.BuildGeometry(new Point(0, 0));

        //set the size of the custome control based on the size of the text
        this.MinWidth = formattedText.Width;
        this.MinHeight = formattedText.Height;

    }

    #endregion

    #region DependencyProperties

    /// <summary>
    /// Specifies whether the font should display Bold font weight.
    /// </summary>
    public bool Bold
    {
        get
        {
            return (bool)GetValue(BoldProperty);
        }

        set
        {
            SetValue(BoldProperty, value);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Identifies the Bold dependency property.
    /// </summary>
    public static readonly DependencyProperty BoldProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
        "Bold",
        typeof(bool),
        typeof(OutlinedText),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(
            false,
            FrameworkPropertyMetadataOptions.AffectsRender,
            new PropertyChangedCallback(OnOutlineTextInvalidated),
            null
            )
        );

    /// <summary>
    /// Specifies the brush to use for the fill of the formatted text.
    /// </summary>
    public Brush Fill
    {
        get
        {
            return (Brush)GetValue(FillProperty);
        }

        set
        {
            SetValue(FillProperty, value);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Identifies the Fill dependency property.
    /// </summary>
    public static readonly DependencyProperty FillProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
        "Fill",
        typeof(Brush),
        typeof(OutlinedText),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(
            new SolidColorBrush(Colors.LightSteelBlue),
            FrameworkPropertyMetadataOptions.AffectsRender,
            new PropertyChangedCallback(OnOutlineTextInvalidated),
            null
            )
        );

    /// <summary>
    /// The font to use for the displayed formatted text.
    /// </summary>
    public FontFamily Font
    {
        get
        {
            return (FontFamily)GetValue(FontProperty);
        }

        set
        {
            SetValue(FontProperty, value);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Identifies the Font dependency property.
    /// </summary>
    public static readonly DependencyProperty FontProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
        "Font",
        typeof(FontFamily),
        typeof(OutlinedText),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(
            new FontFamily("Arial"),
            FrameworkPropertyMetadataOptions.AffectsRender,
            new PropertyChangedCallback(OnOutlineTextInvalidated),
            null
            )
        );

    /// <summary>
    /// The current font size.
    /// </summary>
    public double FontSize
    {
        get
        {
            return (double)GetValue(FontSizeProperty);
        }

        set
        {
            SetValue(FontSizeProperty, value);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Identifies the FontSize dependency property.
    /// </summary>
    public static readonly DependencyProperty FontSizeProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
        "FontSize",
        typeof(double),
        typeof(OutlinedText),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(
             (double)48.0,
             FrameworkPropertyMetadataOptions.AffectsRender,
             new PropertyChangedCallback(OnOutlineTextInvalidated),
             null
             )
        );

    /// <summary>
    /// Specifies whether the font should display Italic font style.
    /// </summary>
    public bool Italic
    {
        get
        {
            return (bool)GetValue(ItalicProperty);
        }

        set
        {
            SetValue(ItalicProperty, value);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Identifies the Italic dependency property.
    /// </summary>
    public static readonly DependencyProperty ItalicProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
        "Italic",
        typeof(bool),
        typeof(OutlinedText),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(
             false,
             FrameworkPropertyMetadataOptions.AffectsRender,
             new PropertyChangedCallback(OnOutlineTextInvalidated),
             null
             )
        );

    /// <summary>
    /// Specifies the brush to use for the stroke and optional hightlight of the formatted text.
    /// </summary>
    public Brush Stroke
    {
        get
        {
            return (Brush)GetValue(StrokeProperty);
        }

        set
        {
            SetValue(StrokeProperty, value);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Identifies the Stroke dependency property.
    /// </summary>
    public static readonly DependencyProperty StrokeProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
        "Stroke",
        typeof(Brush),
        typeof(OutlinedText),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(
             new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Teal),
             FrameworkPropertyMetadataOptions.AffectsRender,
             new PropertyChangedCallback(OnOutlineTextInvalidated),
             null
             )
        );

    /// <summary>
    ///     The stroke thickness of the font.
    /// </summary>
    public ushort StrokeThickness
    {
        get
        {
            return (ushort)GetValue(StrokeThicknessProperty);
        }

        set
        {
            SetValue(StrokeThicknessProperty, value);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Identifies the StrokeThickness dependency property.
    /// </summary>
    public static readonly DependencyProperty StrokeThicknessProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
        "StrokeThickness",
        typeof(ushort),
        typeof(OutlinedText),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(
             (ushort)0,
             FrameworkPropertyMetadataOptions.AffectsRender,
             new PropertyChangedCallback(OnOutlineTextInvalidated),
             null
             )
        );

    /// <summary>
    /// Specifies the text string to display.
    /// </summary>
    public string Text
    {
        get
        {
            return (string)GetValue(TextProperty);
        }

        set
        {
            SetValue(TextProperty, value);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Identifies the Text dependency property.
    /// </summary>
    public static readonly DependencyProperty TextProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
        "Text",
        typeof(string),
        typeof(OutlinedText),
        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(
             "",
             FrameworkPropertyMetadataOptions.AffectsRender,
             new PropertyChangedCallback(OnOutlineTextInvalidated),
             null
             )
        );

    public void AddChild(Object value)
    {

    }

    public void AddText(string value)
    {
        Text = value;
    }

    #endregion
}
}

Vous pouvez alors le référencer dans votre xaml.

<Page xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:customControls="clr-namespace:CustomXaml;assembly=CustomXaml">
    <Grid>
        <customControls:OutlinedText x:Name="TextContent" Fill="#ffffffff" FontSize="28"     
Bold="True" Stroke="Black" StrokeThickness="1" Text="Back" Margin="10,0,10,0" 
HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Height="Auto" Width="Auto" />
    </Grid>
</Page>

Answer 3

Vous devriez entourer le bloc de texte d'une bordure quelque chose comme ceci :

    <Border BorderBrush="Purple" BorderThickness="2">
        <TextBlock>My fancy TextBlock</TextBlock>
    </Border>

Dans le cas où vous demandez comment mettre un trait autour des lettres (et non pas autour de tout le bloc de texte), vous pouvez envisager d'utiliser un BitmapEffect de Glow et de définir les paramètres de Glow pour la couleur du trait que vous voulez, etc. Sinon, vous devrez peut-être créer quelque chose de personnalisé.

Answer 4

"Comment : Créer du texte souligné" sur MSDN contient toutes les informations dont vous avez besoin.

Answer 5

On pourrait simplement utiliser une étiquette à la place. Il a plus de propriétés avec lesquelles vous pouvez jouer. Exemple :

  <Style x:Key="LeftBorderLabel" TargetType="{x:Type Label}">
            <Setter Property="Margin"  Value="0" />
            <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="1,0,0,0" />
            <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="Blue" />
  </Style>